The Vector Images are made up from many individual, scalable objects. These objects are made with mathematical equations instead of the standard Pixels this means that they will always render at the highest quality. The objects might be created from curves lines and other diffrent shapes all with editable attributes like color fill. Changing the attributes of a Vector Object like the color of it will not affect the object it self. You can change them around with out destroying the basic shape. Because they're scalable, vector-based images are resolution independent. You can increase and decrease the size of vector images to any size you want. Advantage of vector images is that they're not restricted to a rectangular shape like bitmaps. Vector images have many advantages, but the primary disadvantage is that they're unsuitable for producing realistic imagery like photos . Vector images are usually made up of solid areas of color or gradients, but they cannot be made to look like a realistic photograph.
Some examples of Vector Drawings:
I chose these drawings because I think they show well what vector drawings are how they look and present.